• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Sawn timber truss comprising two pairs (2), each of which comprises a plurality of blocks (9) of sawn wood, in which each of the blocks (9) has some ridges (1O) and some heads ( 11), the blocks (9) being linked together so that each of the pairs (2) comprises a first upper cord (7) with at the same time at least three consecutive blocks (9) aligned and linked together by their respective testas (11), a second lower cord (8) connected to the first cord (7), with at least two blocks (9), first joining means (13) that are linked together by their heads (11) to the respective blocks (9) of each bead, and second through joining means (14) for linking the first bead (7) and the second bead (8) by two edges (10) of their respective blocks (9). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2697550A1
    申请号:ES201730961
    申请日:2017-07-24
    公开日:2019-01-24
    发明作者:Cartagena Miguel Broto；Zunzunegui Jose Ramon Aira；Morte Luis Miguel Bonilla；Delso Epifanio Diez
    申请人:Universidad de Valladolid；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] SAWED WOODEN CHAW
    [0003]
    [0004] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    [0005]
    [0006] The present invention falls within the technical field of elongated construction elements designed to withstand loads, more specifically in the case of those elements of discontinuous core wood, and refers in particular to a truss of sawn timber whose pairs are composite by a plurality of linked blocks.
    [0007]
    [0008] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0009]
    [0010] The use of lumber in building is widely known in the state of the art. Structural lumber is the one used for load-bearing purposes and which has been subjected to a minimum transformation process that does not include glued or serrated joint assemblies, and which is obtained only by longitudinal sawing of the trunk and brushing. In comparison with other wood products, it brings numerous advantages in terms of costs, availability, versatility, low energy consumption, better net balance of greenhouse gas emissions, boost of the integrated wood industry in the territory, use of product local, etc.
    [0011]
    [0012] However, one of the greatest limitations of sawn wood derives from its length, which prevents providing simple solutions for large structural lights. In particular, the elements that determine the length of a truss are the pairs that, in turn, are conditioned by the maximum length of the pieces of sawn wood with which they are built. The pairs work normally bending, and the most convenient is that they are formed by a single piece, since the transmission of bending moments between two adjacent pieces of wood requires the design of complex and expensive joints.
    [0013]
    [0014] The section of the pieces that make up the pairs also limits the benefits of the truss. On the one hand the resistant section is conditioned by the diameter of the trees from which they are extracted and by the capacity of the saw, and on the other hand, the use of large intact sections leads to drying difficulties and a greater appearance of fissures and deformations , This is especially relevant when, as is usual in one-piece pairs, an integral section that includes the marrow is required.
    [0015]
    [0016] Known in the present state of the art are trusses of sawn wood whose pairs are constituted by a single solid piece, as well as other trusses that present pairs made by a single piece of laminated wood.
    [0017]
    [0018] DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0019]
    [0020] The object of the invention consists of a truss in which several individual pieces of sawn wood are combined to form the pairs of the truss. The individual pieces are joined together by means of mechanical fastening elements, such as structural lag screws or the like, positioned according to the type of truss, the resistant section and the distribution of stresses along the pair, which allows the use of several pieces of sawn wood of commercial size to form compound pairs in trusses of large lights, which facilitates the construction of trusses of large lights with sawn wood in a simple way and optimizing their behavior, also eliminating the need to transmit the bending moment.
    [0021]
    [0022] According to a first aspect of the invention, pieces of sawn wood are optimized in terms of their sections and lengths, as well as the elements of stress transfer between pieces in terms of their number, length, position and angle, to adapt to the real distribution of voltages without the need for the user to perform any calculation.
    [0023]
    [0024] The strut of the truss normally works with traction, so that this element can be resolved by joining pieces of wood, or products derived from wood, and / or steel with the usual construction systems in these cases.
    [0025]
    [0026] The invention claims a truss of sawn wood with pairs composed of two lines of elements or cords parallel and superimposed on each other of solid structural wood, where the pieces of a cord and another remain in contact through their edges, and the pieces thereof. cord, through their heads.
    [0027]
    [0028] The present invention provides a wide variety of additional advantages, among which are In the first place, it is easier to mechanize, transport and manage, since shorter elements are used, with a smaller section and, therefore, much lighter.
    [0029]
    [0030] Also, the use of smaller sections allows a faster and more homogeneous humidity control throughout the cross section. The assembly does not require special environmental conditions or an execution carried out by highly qualified operators.
    [0031]
    [0032] Finally, the invention allows multiplying, at least doubling, the light that covers the structure, as well as reducing the size of the elements of sawn wood, by using parts available in most of the wood industries without the need for calculations structural factors that usually escape their technical competencies, and without the need to invest in equipment, so that the invention can be used without worrying about a period or production of amortization or controlling environmental manufacturing conditions.
    [0033]
    [0034] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0035]
    [0036] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical realization thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, with illustrative and non-limiting character, the following has been represented:
    [0037]
    [0038] Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the truss of composite pairs, in which its main constituent elements are appreciated.
    [0039]
    [0040] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a pair composed of the truss, from which the detail of one of the individual blocks that comprise it is extracted.
    [0041]
    [0042] Figure 3 shows a front view of a cross section made in the composite pair of figure 2.
    [0043] PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    [0044]
    [0045] A detailed explanation of a preferred embodiment of the object of the present invention is given below, with the help of the aforementioned figures.
    [0046]
    [0047] The truss of sawn wood described, shown schematically in Figure 1, is formed by a strut (1) from which split two pairs (2), a pendolón (3) perpendicular to the strut (1), which presents a first end (4) to which the respective free ends of each of the pairs (2) are connected and a second free end (5) from which two tornapuntas (6) that link said pendolón (3) to each one separate obliquely of the pairs (2).
    [0048]
    [0049] As seen in Figure 2, each of the pairs (2) comprises a first upper cord (7) and a second lower cord (8) linked and superimposed on the first cord (7), each of said cords being (7) , 8) formed in turn by a plurality of blocks (9) of sawn wood, of essentially rectangular prismatic geometry and similar dimensions to each other.
    [0050]
    [0051] Each block (9) has some edges (10) and some heads (11), so that each cord (7,8) is formed by a plurality of blocks (9) aligned and linked together by their respective heads (11) , and the pair (2) is formed by the superposed connection of the first cord (7) and the second cord (8) by the edges (10) of their respective blocks (9). In the preferred embodiment described herein, the first cord (7) comprises three blocks (9) joined together, while in the second cord (8) comprises two blocks (9).
    [0052]
    [0053] As already indicated, the blocks (9) that make up each bead (7,8) are linked to each other by their respective heads (11), giving rise to some discontinuities (12) located according to the distribution of bending moments that it must support the pair (2). In each of said discontinuities (12) of the cords (7,8), first connection means (13) are inserted, which in this preferred embodiment are double-screw structural screws in which each of its ends, with a different thread pitch is inserted in the head (11) of two consecutive blocks (9) to ensure its continued contact. In figure 3 the oblique orientation of said first joining means (13) obliquely with respect to a horizontal one is illustrated. (LH) defined by the edges (10) in contact of both cords (7,8).
    [0054]
    [0055] The first cord (7) and the second cord (8) are linked together by one of the edges (10) of their respective blocks (9), so that they are arranged one above the other and aligned, with a similar length. To ensure the connection between cords (7,8), a plurality of second joining means (14) are inserted, which in the preferred embodiment described here are structural screws.
    [0056]
    [0057] Said second joining means (14), of dimensions greater than those of the first joining means (13), are through to the blocks (9) of the first (7) and second cord (8), and are arranged obliquely to horizontal (LH) and grouped. A first group (15) links a first block (9) of the first cord (7) with a first block (9) of the second cord (8), and in said first group (15) the screws, parallel to each other, are arranged with an angle of 45 ° with respect to the horizontal (LH).
    [0058]
    [0059] A second group (16) links the third block (9) of the first cord (7) with the second block (9) of the second cord (8); this second group (16) comprises a plurality of screws that are parallel to each other and oriented -45 ° with respect to the horizontal (LH).
    [0060]
    [0061] The central block (9) of the first cord (7) is superimposed on the two blocks (9) that make up the second cord (8). The third group (17) comprises first of all a first set (18) of lag screws -45 ° with respect to LH in the contact area of the central block (9) with the first block (9) of the second lanyard (8), and secondly a second set (19) of lag screws, oriented 45 ° with respect to LH in the contact zone of the central block (9) with the second block (9) of the second lanyard (8).
    [0062]
    [0063] The pairs (2) have the discontinuities (12) of each bead (7,8) positioned as a function of the distribution of bending moments along the pair (2), and of the length of said pair (2). The section of the resulting pair (2) absorbs the maximum bending moments by means of the arrangement of a continuous bead (7,8) in the traction zone, taking advantage of the compression zone to position the transition between pieces by means of a cord (7,8). discontinuous, but with continuous contact in the heads (11) of its constituent blocks (9), and therefore with capacity to transmit compression forces.
    [0064] The discontinuities (12) of the second cord (8) or lower cord are located in the vicinity of the point with the maximum negative m, while in the first cord (7) or upper cord are located in the vicinity of the point with average value of the positive method.
    [0065]
    [0066] It was also contemplated that the arrangement of the growth rings and the position of the modulus of each of the blocks (9) were positioned to maximize the strength and minimize the structural defor- mations, both elastic and stable. or plastic, as well as those caused by variations in the age content of the truss.
    [0067]
    [0068] In a second embodiment, not shown in the appended figures, the truss comprises more than two tornapuntas (6). According to this second embodiment, for each of the pairs (2), the first cord (7) is formed by a number of bladders (9) equal to the number of tornapuntas (6) plus two , while the second cord (8) is formed by a number of blocks (9) equal to the number of tornapuntas (6) plus one. The distribution of the discontinuities (12) between the blocks (9) of each string (7,8) follows the criteria previously explained.
    [0069]
    [0070] Finally, the option of blocks (9) is of different section to opmize the volume of the used material and the structure carrier of the assembly is contemplated.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1. Truss of sawn wood comprising:
    - a tie rod (1),
    - two pairs (2),
    - a pendolón (3) perpendicular to the tie (1) that counts in turn with:
    - a first end (4), to which are attached respective free ends of each of the pairs (2), and
    - a second end (5), free, and
    - at least two tornapuntas (6) that start obliquely from the second end (5) of the pendolón (3) and extend until intersecting with each of the pairs (2),
    being the truss of sawn wood characterized in that each of the pairs (2) comprises a plurality of blocks (9) of sawn wood of essentially rectangular prismatic geometry, in which each of the blocks (9) has:
    - some ridges (10), and
    - some heads (11),
    the blocks (9) being linked together so that each of the pairs (2) comprises:
    - a first upper bead (7), which in turn comprises at least three consecutive blocks (9) aligned and linked together by their respective heads (11),
    - a second lower cord (8) connected to the first cord (7), which in turn comprises at least two consecutive aligned blocks (9) and linked together by their respective heads (11),
    - first connecting means (13) that are linked by their heads (11) to the respective blocks (9) of the first cord (7) and the second cord (8), and
    - second through joining means (14) for linking the first cord (7) and the second cord (8) by two edges (10) of their respective blocks (9).
    [2]
    2. Sawing timber truss according to claim 1, characterized in that the second joining means (14) are lag screws, and comprise:
    - a first group (15) of lag screws parallel to each other and oriented 45 ° with respect to the horizontal, located in the superposition zone of a first block (9) of the first lanyard (7) with a first block (9) of the second lanyard (8),
    - a second group (16) of lag screws parallel to each other and oriented -45 ° with respect to the horizontal, located in the superposition zone of a third block (9) of the first cord (7) with a second block (9) of the second cord (8), and
    - a third grouping (17) which in turn comprises:
    - a first set (18) of parallel and oriented lag screws -45 ° with respect to the horizontal, located in the superposition zone of the central block (9) of the first cord (7) with the first block (9) of the second cord (8), and
    - a second set (19) of parallel screws and oriented 45 ° with respect to the horizontal, located in the superposition zone of the central block (9) of the first cord (7) with the second block (9) of the second cord (8) ).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    PE20200641A1|2020-06-11|
    ES2697550B2|2019-11-08|
    WO2019020854A1|2019-01-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2185735A2|1972-05-24|1974-01-04|Cobeton Ag|
    US4476663A|1983-08-15|1984-10-16|Bikales Victor W|Structure with composite members|
    WO2002095159A1|2001-05-22|2002-11-28|Patenttitoimisto T. Poutanen Oy|Wood element and a method for the production of and the use of such a wood element|
    WO2012126020A1|2011-03-21|2012-09-27|Wolf Modul Gmbh|Beam made of wood having connecting screws oriented on a slant|
    US9234350B1|2013-12-06|2016-01-12|Jack Walters & Sons, Corp.|System and method of constructing a composite assembly|
    法律状态:
    2019-01-24| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2697550 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20190124 |
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    PE2020000152A| PE20200641A1|2017-07-24|2018-07-23|SAWN WOODEN BRUSH|
    PCT/ES2018/070522| WO2019020854A1|2017-07-24|2018-07-23|Timber truss|
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